For this assignment, you will visit the Toxic Release Inventory website and catalog the top ten hazardous pollutants released in your hometown community. You will choose one of these pollutants and discuss potential sources for emission, route(s) of human exposure, known or suspected effects on animals (toxicology), and known or suspected human health effects (epidemiology). This paper will be approximately four-five pages long (1100-1400 words), properly cited and sourced, and written with stylistically correct grammar and punctuation. Before you submit, review the criteria for the assignment, the grading rubric, and the tutorial to ensure you are meeting the assignment requirements.
For this assignment, you will visit the Toxic Release Inventory website and catalog the top ten hazardous pollutants released in your hometown community. You will choose one of these pollutants and di
Running Head: POLLUTION IN LAGOS 0 Pollutants in Africa: A Case of Lagos city in Nigeria Name Institutional Affiliation Lagos is a major city in Nigeria, and it is home to more than 70 manufacturing companies. Despite the economic benefits arising from these industries, there have been a number of downsides that arise from these factories (Aniyikaiye et al 2019). One of the critical challenges that continue to affect the city is the element of pollution. Despite being a global problem, pollution within Lagos is a very crucial issue that continues to impact negatively on the Nigerian society. Industrial wastes in Lagos These are the primary pollutants that continue to engulf Lagos city. In this context, industrial wastes are comprised of the industrial discharges that occur either as solid or liquid components that are often hazardous to the environment. Moreover, the pollutants can also be released in a gaseous state, an aspect that results in the presence of poisonous gases within the environment. A company such as Erisco Food Limited as well as PZ Cussons limited contain massive factories that are involved with the processing of food materials and consumer products, respectively (Isiaka 2018). Although they have waste recycle programs, it is worth noting that this is not done on a 100% scale. As such, there are waste materials that are often released to the environment, which will ultimately interact with the people in one way or another. This may encompass, through water bodies such as rivers as well as water-holding storages. On the other context, a company like Nigeria Gas and Steel limited plays a very critical role in the production of steels, pipes as well as the metal structures (Isiaka 2018). Due to the enormous amount of energy utilized, there is some factories that exist within this industry. These production facilities result in a massive quantity of gases being released to the environment. As such, it is worth noting that manufacturing industries are one of the primary causes of pollution within Lagos. Route(s) of human exposure There are a wide variety of ways that the wastes from the industries find their ways into the human surrounding ultimately making them exposed. One of the simplest ways is through the gases that are released within the environment. Often, these industries result in the discharge of poisonous gases such as Carbon monoxide, excess Carbon dioxide, chlorine gas as well as sulfur dioxide gases. Usually, these gases can be inhaled by humans, consequently affecting them. It is worth noting that the gases often result in acidic rain, which rains down on humans as well as mixing with the other water bodies. This acidic water ultimately makes the people be vulnerable through its usage. Additionally, the industrial discharges in the solid form are often released on the land, an aspect that makes humans be to exposed to the underlying health complications (Assadi et al 2017). For instance, much of the discharges contain chemical compositions which, when left untreated or exposed, becomes dangerous to the people. Plants containing these chemicals may originate from these compounds, which may wrongly be consumed by the people. It is also worth noting that the chemical discharges that are released find ways into water bodies that exposes people within the city. Impact on animals as well as health consequences on people Many of the industrial discharge from the manufacturing industry of Lagos result in an adverse effect on the animals. First, it is worth noting that discharge into the environment results in the death of the essential food materials that the animals need for their existence. For instance, discharge in the water bodies often results in the death of many aquatic animals. Through the chemical discharge, the fishes and many other marine animals lack the capacity to be productive, and such they reduce significantly (Pereda et al 2020). Moreover, it is worth noting that the rains that result from the noxious gases often contain high elements of sulfur, carbon monoxide, chlorine, which affects their structural composition. Due to the environment becoming unproductive, they may migrate to other regions. Often, acidic rain does not support the life forms that cause respiratory problems, which have dire consequences to the animals. Despite being the primary cause of pollution based on their activities, human beings are the most affected by the resultant impact of the issue. First, many of the gases released from the factories are often poisonous and often result in respiratory problems for many individuals. Sieff (2017) asserts that conditions such as Asthma, Emphysema, Lung Cancer, Pneumonia, Chronic bronchitis have been closely linked with respiratory problems, which can be linked with the release and consumption of poisonous gases. Usually, many pollutants have been noted to affect cardiovascular health through the aspect of hardening arteries, and as a result, there is a rise of the strokes as well as a heart attack. Recently research has revealed that air pollution can be linked with the concept of degenerative brain diseases as well as mental health conditions. Some of the conditions that are associated with the pollutants include schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s disease as well as the Parkinson’s diseases. Moreover, it is worth noting that some of the plants that grow from these chemical-filled soils contain various hazardous elements that are ultimately dangerous to human health. It is worth noting that some of the chronic conditions that people face can be attributed to the chemicals found within the plants (Durotoye et al 2018). This is also the case for the aquatic animals. When these creatures eat chemical-filled products, this ultimately ends within the human beings’ bloodstream. This can result in chronic problems, with some of these even being linked with some form of cancer. On the other hand, human beings can be affected by pollution through indirect means. For instance, some of the discharges result in the death of plants as well as animals, which are critical for feeding. This will definitely change the eating habits for the individuals with the locality. For instance, in this case, the pollution will result in the death and migration of some fish species in the water bodies around Lagos (Isiaka 2018). This places a lot of pressure on people as they attempt to find alternative food or to result in increased prices of the products as they have to be imported from other regions. Pollution is a significant issue in a global context. Lagos has also been facing the challenge of industrial discharge based on the numerous factories existing within the city. With the need for manufactured and processed products steadily rising, factories have also undertaken to engage more in the aspect of mass production. Moreover, the companies are unable to recycle the waste products fully and consequently result in extensive pollution of the Lagos environment. This action often impacts negatively on the people, animals as well as plants. Elements of health complications among people and the death of some aspects of plants push for a need to put more measures to address the issue adequately. References Aniyikaiye, T. E., Oluseyi, T., Odiyo, J. O., & Edokpayi, J. N. (2019). Physico-chemical analysis of wastewater discharge from selected paint industries in Lagos, Nigeria. International journal of environmental research and public health, 16(7), 1235. Assadi, A. A., Bouzaza, A., Soutrel, I., Petit, P., Medimagh, K., & Wolbert, D. (2017). A study of pollution removal in exhaust gases from animal quartering centers by combining photocatalysis with surface discharge plasma: from pilot to industrial scale. Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification, 111, 1-6. Durotoye, T. O., Adeyemi, A. A., Omole, D. O., & Onakunle, O. (2018). Impact assessment of wastewater discharge from a textile industry in Lagos, Nigeria. Cogent Engineering, 5(1), 1531687. https://woimacorporation.com/drowning-in-waste-case-lagos-nigeria/ Isiaka, T., 2018. Challenges of waste management in Lagos. [online] Available at:
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